[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":3069},["ShallowReactive",2],{"navigation":3,"/document/es6/guide/esm":1519,"/document/es6/guide/esm-surround":3064},[4],{"title":5,"path":6,"stem":7,"children":8,"page":50},"Document","/document","document",[9,51,118,150,207,263,307,343,363,403,447,479,518,558,585,609,633,665,700,731,762,794,831,863,899,929,964,1000,1036,1075,1110,1149,1181,1212,1243,1271,1307,1346,1378,1418,1455,1487],{"title":10,"path":11,"stem":12,"children":13,"page":50},"Html5","/document/html5","document/01.html5",[14,42],{"title":15,"path":16,"stem":17,"children":18,"icon":41},"指南","/document/html5/guide","document/01.html5/01.guide/01.index",[19,21,25,29,33,37],{"title":20,"path":16,"stem":17},"HTML 入门教程",{"title":22,"path":23,"stem":24},"常用标签详解","/document/html5/guide/tag","document/01.html5/01.guide/02.tag",{"title":26,"path":27,"stem":28},"布局与语义标签","/document/html5/guide/layout","document/01.html5/01.guide/03.layout",{"title":30,"path":31,"stem":32},"表单设计与用户输入","/document/html5/guide/form","document/01.html5/01.guide/04.form",{"title":34,"path":35,"stem":36},"多媒体与 HTML5 新特性","/document/html5/guide/html5","document/01.html5/01.guide/05.html5",{"title":38,"path":39,"stem":40},"Web 标准与 HTML 编写规范","/document/html5/guide/web","document/01.html5/01.guide/06.web","i-lucide-code",{"title":43,"path":44,"stem":45,"children":46,"icon":49},"考核","/document/html5/examine","document/01.html5/02.examine/01.index",[47],{"title":48,"path":44,"stem":45},"接下来对你进行考核","i-lucide-clipboard-check",false,{"title":52,"path":53,"stem":54,"children":55,"page":50},"Css","/document/css","document/02.css",[56,75,100,113],{"title":57,"path":58,"stem":59,"children":60,"icon":50},"启航","/document/css/guide","document/02.css/01.guide/01.index",[61,63,67,71],{"title":62,"path":58,"stem":59},"CSS 基础入门教程",{"title":64,"path":65,"stem":66},"文本与盒子样式详解","/document/css/guide/styles","document/02.css/01.guide/02.styles",{"title":68,"path":69,"stem":70},"选择器与权重机制","/document/css/guide/selected","document/02.css/01.guide/03.selected",{"title":72,"path":73,"stem":74},"盒模型详解","/document/css/guide/box","document/02.css/01.guide/04.box",{"title":76,"icon":50,"path":77,"stem":78,"children":79,"page":50},"布局","/document/css/layout","document/02.css/02.layout",[80,84,88,92,96],{"title":81,"path":82,"stem":83},"网页布局三剑客详解","/document/css/layout/policy","document/02.css/02.layout/01.policy",{"title":85,"path":86,"stem":87},"Position 定位详解","/document/css/layout/position","document/02.css/02.layout/02.position",{"title":89,"path":90,"stem":91},"Flexbox 布局入门指南","/document/css/layout/flex","document/02.css/02.layout/03.flex",{"title":93,"path":94,"stem":95},"Grid 布局入门指南","/document/css/layout/grid","document/02.css/02.layout/04.grid",{"title":97,"path":98,"stem":99},"响应式设计指南","/document/css/layout/relative","document/02.css/02.layout/05.relative",{"title":101,"icon":50,"path":102,"stem":103,"children":104,"page":50},"使用技巧","/document/css/skill","document/02.css/03.skill",[105,109],{"title":106,"path":107,"stem":108},"CSS 动画全解析","/document/css/skill/animation","document/02.css/03.skill/01.animation",{"title":110,"path":111,"stem":112},"CSS 使用技巧全攻略","/document/css/skill/skill","document/02.css/03.skill/02.skill",{"title":43,"path":114,"stem":115,"children":116,"icon":49},"/document/css/examine","document/02.css/04.examine/01.index",[117],{"title":48,"path":114,"stem":115},{"title":119,"path":120,"stem":121,"children":122,"page":50},"Git","/document/git","document/03.git",[123,145],{"title":57,"path":124,"stem":125,"children":126,"icon":50},"/document/git/guide","document/03.git/01.guide/01.index",[127,129,133,137,141],{"title":128,"path":124,"stem":125},"Git 入门指南",{"title":130,"path":131,"stem":132},"Git 安装与初体验","/document/git/guide/install","document/03.git/01.guide/02.install",{"title":134,"path":135,"stem":136},"常用 Git 命令详解","/document/git/guide/command","document/03.git/01.guide/03.command",{"title":138,"path":139,"stem":140},"Git 分支管理全解析","/document/git/guide/branch","document/03.git/01.guide/04.branch",{"title":142,"path":143,"stem":144},"使用 GitHub 轻松托管和管理代码","/document/git/guide/github","document/03.git/01.guide/05.github",{"title":43,"path":146,"stem":147,"children":148,"icon":49},"/document/git/examine","document/03.git/02.examine/01.index",[149],{"title":48,"path":146,"stem":147},{"title":151,"path":152,"stem":153,"children":154,"page":50},"Js Base","/document/js-base","document/04.js-base",[155,185,202],{"title":15,"path":156,"stem":157,"children":158,"icon":41},"/document/js-base/guide","document/04.js-base/01.guide/01.index",[159,161,165,169,173,177,181],{"title":160,"path":156,"stem":157},"JavaScript 基础快速入门",{"title":162,"path":163,"stem":164},"搞懂变量与数据类型","/document/js-base/guide/variable","document/04.js-base/01.guide/02.variable",{"title":166,"path":167,"stem":168},"JavaScript 运算符详解","/document/js-base/guide/operator","document/04.js-base/01.guide/03.operator",{"title":170,"path":171,"stem":172},"条件判断与循环语句","/document/js-base/guide/flow","document/04.js-base/01.guide/04.flow",{"title":174,"path":175,"stem":176},"深入理解 JavaScript 函数","/document/js-base/guide/function","document/04.js-base/01.guide/05.function",{"title":178,"path":179,"stem":180},"对象数组的创建与操作","/document/js-base/guide/object","document/04.js-base/01.guide/06.object",{"title":182,"path":183,"stem":184},"Math 和 Date 用法详解","/document/js-base/guide/math","document/04.js-base/01.guide/07.math",{"title":186,"icon":41,"path":187,"stem":188,"children":189,"page":50},"浏览器","/document/js-base/browser","document/04.js-base/02.browser",[190,194,198],{"title":191,"path":192,"stem":193},"DOM 操作入门与实战","/document/js-base/browser/dom","document/04.js-base/02.browser/01.dom",{"title":195,"path":196,"stem":197},"浏览器 BOM 基础知识","/document/js-base/browser/bom","document/04.js-base/02.browser/02.bom",{"title":199,"path":200,"stem":201},"JavaScript 事件处理机制","/document/js-base/browser/event","document/04.js-base/02.browser/03.event",{"title":43,"path":203,"stem":204,"children":205,"icon":49},"/document/js-base/examine","document/04.js-base/03.examine/01.index",[206],{"title":48,"path":203,"stem":204},{"title":208,"path":209,"stem":210,"children":211,"page":50},"Js Advanced","/document/js-advanced","document/05.js-advanced",[212,231,249],{"title":213,"path":214,"stem":215,"children":216,"icon":41},"JavaScript 原理","/document/js-advanced/guide","document/05.js-advanced/01.guide/01.index",[217,219,223,227],{"title":218,"path":214,"stem":215},"JavaScript 是怎么运行的？",{"title":220,"path":221,"stem":222},"深入理解函数和作用域","/document/js-advanced/guide/function","document/05.js-advanced/01.guide/02.function",{"title":224,"path":225,"stem":226},"深入理解 this 指向","/document/js-advanced/guide/this","document/05.js-advanced/01.guide/03.this",{"title":228,"path":229,"stem":230},"浅拷贝与深拷贝详解","/document/js-advanced/guide/copy","document/05.js-advanced/01.guide/04.copy",{"title":232,"icon":233,"path":234,"stem":235,"children":236,"page":50},"编程范式","i-lucide-shapes","/document/js-advanced/program","document/05.js-advanced/02.program",[237,241,245],{"title":238,"path":239,"stem":240},"面向对象编程（OOP）","/document/js-advanced/program/object","document/05.js-advanced/02.program/01.object",{"title":242,"path":243,"stem":244},"函数式编程入门","/document/js-advanced/program/fp","document/05.js-advanced/02.program/02.fp",{"title":246,"path":247,"stem":248},"防抖和节流详解","/document/js-advanced/program/debounce","document/05.js-advanced/02.program/03.debounce",{"title":250,"icon":251,"path":252,"stem":253,"children":254,"page":50},"浏览器相关特性","i-lucide-monitor","/document/js-advanced/browser","document/05.js-advanced/03.browser",[255,259],{"title":256,"path":257,"stem":258},"浏览器缓存入门指南","/document/js-advanced/browser/cache","document/05.js-advanced/03.browser/01.cache",{"title":260,"path":261,"stem":262},"Web 存储机制深度剖析","/document/js-advanced/browser/storage","document/05.js-advanced/03.browser/02.storage",{"title":264,"path":265,"stem":266,"children":267,"page":50},"Es6","/document/es6","document/06.es6",[268,302],{"title":213,"path":269,"stem":270,"children":271,"icon":41},"/document/es6/guide","document/06.es6/01.guide/01.index",[272,274,278,282,286,290,294,298],{"title":273,"path":269,"stem":270},"ES6 入门指南",{"title":275,"path":276,"stem":277},"变量声明：let 与 const","/document/es6/guide/const","document/06.es6/01.guide/02.const",{"title":279,"path":280,"stem":281},"箭头函数的用法与特点","/document/es6/guide/arrow","document/06.es6/01.guide/03.arrow",{"title":283,"path":284,"stem":285},"字符串、对象与数组的新特性","/document/es6/guide/enhance","document/06.es6/01.guide/04.enhance",{"title":287,"path":288,"stem":289},"Map 和 Set 的使用方式","/document/es6/guide/set","document/06.es6/01.guide/05.set",{"title":291,"path":292,"stem":293},"Promise 实现异步流程控制","/document/es6/guide/promise","document/06.es6/01.guide/06.promise",{"title":295,"path":296,"stem":297},"ESM 模块化语法解析","/document/es6/guide/esm","document/06.es6/01.guide/07.esm",{"title":299,"path":300,"stem":301},"Class 的定义与继承机制","/document/es6/guide/class","document/06.es6/01.guide/08.class",{"title":43,"path":303,"stem":304,"children":305,"icon":49},"/document/es6/examine","document/06.es6/02.examine/01.index",[306],{"title":48,"path":303,"stem":304},{"title":308,"path":309,"stem":310,"children":311,"page":50},"Js Algorithms","/document/js-algorithms","document/07.js-algorithms",[312,338],{"title":15,"path":313,"stem":314,"children":315,"icon":41},"/document/js-algorithms/guide","document/07.js-algorithms/01.guide/01.index",[316,318,322,326,330,334],{"title":317,"path":313,"stem":314},"什么是数据结构和算法？",{"title":319,"path":320,"stem":321},"时间和空间复杂度","/document/js-algorithms/guide/complexity","document/07.js-algorithms/01.guide/02.complexity",{"title":323,"path":324,"stem":325},"数据结构","/document/js-algorithms/guide/structure","document/07.js-algorithms/01.guide/03.structure",{"title":327,"path":328,"stem":329},"算法","/document/js-algorithms/guide/algorithms","document/07.js-algorithms/01.guide/04.algorithms",{"title":331,"path":332,"stem":333},"算法思想","/document/js-algorithms/guide/heuristic","document/07.js-algorithms/01.guide/05.heuristic",{"title":335,"path":336,"stem":337},"深度优先与广度优先搜索","/document/js-algorithms/guide/search","document/07.js-algorithms/01.guide/06.search",{"title":43,"path":339,"stem":340,"children":341,"icon":49},"/document/js-algorithms/examine","document/07.js-algorithms/02.examine/01.index",[342],{"title":48,"path":339,"stem":340},{"title":344,"path":345,"stem":346,"children":347,"page":50},"Automation","/document/automation","document/08.automation",[348,358],{"title":15,"path":349,"stem":350,"children":351,"icon":41},"/document/automation/guide","document/08.automation/01.guide/01.index",[352,354],{"title":353,"path":349,"stem":350},"什么是前端工程化？",{"title":355,"path":356,"stem":357},"开始搭建工程化项目","/document/automation/guide/start","document/08.automation/01.guide/02.start",{"title":43,"path":359,"stem":360,"children":361,"icon":49},"/document/automation/examine","document/08.automation/02.examine/01.index",[362],{"title":48,"path":359,"stem":360},{"title":364,"path":365,"stem":366,"children":367,"page":50},"Webpack","/document/webpack","document/09.webpack",[368,398],{"title":15,"path":369,"stem":370,"children":371,"icon":41},"/document/webpack/guide","document/09.webpack/01.guide/01.index",[372,374,378,382,386,390,394],{"title":373,"path":369,"stem":370},"Webpack 初识",{"title":375,"path":376,"stem":377},"搭建 Webpack 项目","/document/webpack/guide/start","document/09.webpack/01.guide/02.start",{"title":379,"path":380,"stem":381},"Loader 加载器","/document/webpack/guide/loader","document/09.webpack/01.guide/03.loader",{"title":383,"path":384,"stem":385},"Plugin 插件","/document/webpack/guide/plugin","document/09.webpack/01.guide/04.plugin",{"title":387,"path":388,"stem":389},"HMR 热更新与开发模式","/document/webpack/guide/dev","document/09.webpack/01.guide/05.dev",{"title":391,"path":392,"stem":393},"性能优化配置","/document/webpack/guide/optimize","document/09.webpack/01.guide/06.optimize",{"title":395,"path":396,"stem":397},"webpack 生产环境构建全攻略","/document/webpack/guide/production","document/09.webpack/01.guide/07.production",{"title":43,"path":399,"stem":400,"children":401,"icon":49},"/document/webpack/examine","document/09.webpack/02.examine/01.index",[402],{"title":48,"path":399,"stem":400},{"title":404,"path":405,"stem":406,"children":407,"page":50},"Scss","/document/scss","document/10.scss",[408,442],{"title":15,"path":409,"stem":410,"children":411,"icon":41},"/document/scss/guide","document/10.scss/01.guide/01.index",[412,414,418,422,426,430,434,438],{"title":413,"path":409,"stem":410},"什么是 SCSS？",{"title":415,"path":416,"stem":417},"SCSS 入门语法基础","/document/scss/guide/syntax","document/10.scss/01.guide/02.syntax",{"title":419,"path":420,"stem":421},"开始编写 Scss 项目","/document/scss/guide/start","document/10.scss/01.guide/03.start",{"title":423,"path":424,"stem":425},"Scss 模块导入方式","/document/scss/guide/import","document/10.scss/01.guide/04.import",{"title":427,"path":428,"stem":429},"Mixin 与函数详解","/document/scss/guide/mixin","document/10.scss/01.guide/05.mixin",{"title":431,"path":432,"stem":433},"Scss 继承、占位符技巧","/document/scss/guide/extend","document/10.scss/01.guide/06.extend",{"title":435,"path":436,"stem":437},"SCSS 流程控制与逻辑语法","/document/scss/guide/flow","document/10.scss/01.guide/07.flow",{"title":439,"path":440,"stem":441},"SCSS 内置函数","/document/scss/guide/function","document/10.scss/01.guide/08.function",{"title":43,"path":443,"stem":444,"children":445,"icon":49},"/document/scss/examine","document/10.scss/02.examine/01.index",[446],{"title":48,"path":443,"stem":444},{"title":448,"path":449,"stem":450,"children":451,"page":50},"Eslint","/document/eslint","document/11.eslint",[452,474],{"title":15,"path":453,"stem":454,"children":455,"icon":41},"/document/eslint/guide","document/11.eslint/01.guide/01.index",[456,458,462,466,470],{"title":457,"path":453,"stem":454},"ESLint 是什么？",{"title":459,"path":460,"stem":461},"ESLint 安装与运行详解","/document/eslint/guide/install","document/11.eslint/01.guide/02.install",{"title":463,"path":464,"stem":465},"ESLint  规则介绍","/document/eslint/guide/rule","document/11.eslint/01.guide/03.rule",{"title":467,"path":468,"stem":469},"集成 ESLint 到 Webpack","/document/eslint/guide/webpack","document/11.eslint/01.guide/04.webpack",{"title":471,"path":472,"stem":473},"Plugins 和 Extends 使用","/document/eslint/guide/plugins","document/11.eslint/01.guide/05.plugins",{"title":43,"path":475,"stem":476,"children":477,"icon":49},"/document/eslint/examine","document/11.eslint/02.examine/01.index",[478],{"title":48,"path":475,"stem":476},{"title":480,"path":481,"stem":482,"children":483,"page":50},"Axios","/document/axios","document/12.axios",[484,494,513],{"title":15,"path":485,"stem":486,"children":487,"icon":41},"/document/axios/guide","document/12.axios/01.guide/01.index",[488,490],{"title":489,"path":485,"stem":486},"HTTP 协议与网络请求",{"title":491,"path":492,"stem":493},"使用 JavaScript 发起请求","/document/axios/guide/get","document/12.axios/01.guide/02.get",{"title":495,"path":496,"stem":497,"children":498,"icon":41},"axios 插件","/document/axios/axios","document/12.axios/02.axios/01.index",[499,501,505,509],{"title":500,"path":496,"stem":497},"Axios 入门",{"title":502,"path":503,"stem":504},"Axios 请求基础全面讲解","/document/axios/axios/start","document/12.axios/02.axios/02.start",{"title":506,"path":507,"stem":508},"Axios 高级使用技巧","/document/axios/axios/advenced","document/12.axios/02.axios/03.advenced",{"title":510,"path":511,"stem":512},"CORS 跨域解决方案","/document/axios/axios/cors","document/12.axios/02.axios/04.cors",{"title":43,"path":514,"stem":515,"children":516,"icon":49},"/document/axios/examine","document/12.axios/03.examine/01.index",[517],{"title":48,"path":514,"stem":515},{"title":519,"path":520,"stem":521,"children":522,"page":50},"Typescript","/document/typescript","document/13.typescript",[523,553],{"title":15,"path":524,"stem":525,"children":526,"icon":41},"/document/typescript/guide","document/13.typescript/01.guide/01.index",[527,529,533,537,541,545,549],{"title":528,"path":524,"stem":525},"TypeScript 简介与入门",{"title":530,"path":531,"stem":532},"类型系统基础","/document/typescript/guide/base","document/13.typescript/01.guide/02.base",{"title":534,"path":535,"stem":536},"类型组合与类型保护","/document/typescript/guide/compose","document/13.typescript/01.guide/03.compose",{"title":538,"path":539,"stem":540},"类与面向对象编程","/document/typescript/guide/class","document/13.typescript/01.guide/04.class",{"title":542,"path":543,"stem":544},"泛型与类型复用","/document/typescript/guide/generic","document/13.typescript/01.guide/05.generic",{"title":546,"path":547,"stem":548},"项目进阶与配置实战","/document/typescript/guide/config","document/13.typescript/01.guide/06.config",{"title":550,"path":551,"stem":552},"第三方库类型支持与声明","/document/typescript/guide/declare","document/13.typescript/01.guide/07.declare",{"title":43,"path":554,"stem":555,"children":556,"icon":49},"/document/typescript/examine","document/13.typescript/02.examine/01.index",[557],{"title":48,"path":554,"stem":555},{"title":559,"path":560,"stem":561,"children":562,"page":50},"Vue2","/document/vue2","document/14.vue2",[563],{"title":15,"path":564,"stem":565,"children":566,"icon":41},"/document/vue2/guide","document/14.vue2/01.guide/01.index",[567,569,573,577,581],{"title":568,"path":564,"stem":565},"Vue 2 入门与安装",{"title":570,"path":571,"stem":572},"模板语法与指令详解","/document/vue2/guide/directive","document/14.vue2/01.guide/02.directive",{"title":574,"path":575,"stem":576},"组件化开发基础","/document/vue2/guide/component","document/14.vue2/01.guide/03.component",{"title":578,"path":579,"stem":580},"计算属性与监听器","/document/vue2/guide/reactive","document/14.vue2/01.guide/04.reactive",{"title":582,"path":583,"stem":584},"生命周期钩子解析","/document/vue2/guide/hooks","document/14.vue2/01.guide/05.hooks",{"title":586,"path":587,"stem":588,"children":589,"page":50},"Router","/document/router","document/15.router",[590],{"title":591,"path":592,"stem":593,"children":594,"icon":41},"Vue Router 路由","/document/router/guide","document/15.router/01.guide/01.index",[595,597,601,605],{"title":596,"path":592,"stem":593},"Vue Router 入门",{"title":598,"path":599,"stem":600},"路由核心功能详解","/document/router/guide/routing","document/15.router/01.guide/02.routing",{"title":602,"path":603,"stem":604},"路由守卫钩子和元信息","/document/router/guide/hook","document/15.router/01.guide/03.hook",{"title":606,"path":607,"stem":608},"路由优化与懒加载","/document/router/guide/optimize","document/15.router/01.guide/04.optimize",{"title":610,"path":611,"stem":612,"children":613,"page":50},"Vuex","/document/vuex","document/16.vuex",[614],{"title":615,"path":616,"stem":617,"children":618,"icon":41},"Vuex 状态管理器","/document/vuex/guide","document/16.vuex/01.guide/01.index",[619,621,625,629],{"title":620,"path":616,"stem":617},"为什么要使用 Vuex？",{"title":622,"path":623,"stem":624},"快速上手 Vuex","/document/vuex/guide/start","document/16.vuex/01.guide/02.start",{"title":626,"path":627,"stem":628},"深入理解 Vuex 核心功能","/document/vuex/guide/core","document/16.vuex/01.guide/03.core",{"title":630,"path":631,"stem":632},"模块化与进阶用法","/document/vuex/guide/module","document/16.vuex/01.guide/04.module",{"title":634,"path":635,"stem":636,"children":637,"page":50},"Element Ui","/document/element-ui","document/17.element-ui",[638],{"title":639,"path":640,"stem":641,"children":642,"icon":41},"Element UI 组件库","/document/element-ui/guide","document/17.element-ui/01.guide/01.index",[643,645,649,653,657,661],{"title":644,"path":640,"stem":641},"Element UI 初体验",{"title":646,"path":647,"stem":648},"常用组件快速上手","/document/element-ui/guide/quickstart","document/17.element-ui/01.guide/02.quickstart",{"title":650,"path":651,"stem":652},"布局与结构类组件","/document/element-ui/guide/layout","document/17.element-ui/01.guide/03.layout",{"title":654,"path":655,"stem":656},"自定义组件样式","/document/element-ui/guide/style","document/17.element-ui/01.guide/04.style",{"title":658,"path":659,"stem":660},"组件封装与复用","/document/element-ui/guide/component","document/17.element-ui/01.guide/05.component",{"title":662,"path":663,"stem":664},"自定义主题色与深色模式","/document/element-ui/guide/theme","document/17.element-ui/01.guide/06.theme",{"title":666,"path":667,"stem":668,"children":669,"page":50},"Vue3","/document/vue3","document/18.vue3",[670],{"title":666,"path":671,"stem":672,"children":673,"icon":41},"/document/vue3/guide","document/18.vue3/01.guide/01.index",[674,676,680,684,688,692,696],{"title":675,"path":671,"stem":672},"Vue 3 概览与生态升级",{"title":677,"path":678,"stem":679},"组合式 API 入门指南","/document/vue3/guide/composition","document/18.vue3/01.guide/02.composition",{"title":681,"path":682,"stem":683},"组合式 API 逻辑抽离","/document/vue3/guide/composable","document/18.vue3/01.guide/03.composable",{"title":685,"path":686,"stem":687},"模板语法及新特性","/document/vue3/guide/features","document/18.vue3/01.guide/04.features",{"title":689,"path":690,"stem":691},"TypeScript 开发支持","/document/vue3/guide/typescript","document/18.vue3/01.guide/05.typescript",{"title":693,"path":694,"stem":695},"响应式系统原理与进阶 API","/document/vue3/guide/reactive","document/18.vue3/01.guide/06.reactive",{"title":697,"path":698,"stem":699},"Vue Router 4 路由实战","/document/vue3/guide/vue-router","document/18.vue3/01.guide/07.vue-router",{"title":701,"path":702,"stem":703,"children":704,"page":50},"Pinia","/document/pinia","document/19.pinia",[705],{"title":701,"path":706,"stem":707,"children":708,"icon":41},"/document/pinia/guide","document/19.pinia/01.guide/01.index",[709,711,715,719,723,727],{"title":710,"path":706,"stem":707},"Pinia 简介与安装",{"title":712,"path":713,"stem":714},"Store 三大核心","/document/pinia/guide/store","document/19.pinia/01.guide/02.store",{"title":716,"path":717,"stem":718},"在组件中使用 Store","/document/pinia/guide/usage","document/19.pinia/01.guide/03.usage",{"title":720,"path":721,"stem":722},"State 修改与响应式细节","/document/pinia/guide/state","document/19.pinia/01.guide/04.state",{"title":724,"path":725,"stem":726},"Action 与异步操作","/document/pinia/guide/action","document/19.pinia/01.guide/05.action",{"title":728,"path":729,"stem":730},"组合、TypeScript 与插件","/document/pinia/guide/advanced","document/19.pinia/01.guide/06.advanced",{"title":732,"path":733,"stem":734,"children":735,"page":50},"Vite","/document/vite","document/20.vite",[736],{"title":732,"path":737,"stem":738,"children":739,"icon":41},"/document/vite/guide","document/20.vite/01.guide/01.index",[740,742,746,750,754,758],{"title":741,"path":737,"stem":738},"Vite 简介与安装",{"title":743,"path":744,"stem":745},"基础配置","/document/vite/guide/config","document/20.vite/01.guide/02.config",{"title":747,"path":748,"stem":749},"常用插件","/document/vite/guide/plugins","document/20.vite/01.guide/03.plugins",{"title":751,"path":752,"stem":753},"环境变量与模式","/document/vite/guide/env","document/20.vite/01.guide/04.env",{"title":755,"path":756,"stem":757},"依赖预构建","/document/vite/guide/optimize-deps","document/20.vite/01.guide/05.optimize-deps",{"title":759,"path":760,"stem":761},"构建与部署","/document/vite/guide/build-deploy","document/20.vite/01.guide/06.build-deploy",{"title":763,"path":764,"stem":765,"children":766,"page":50},"Nuxt","/document/nuxt","document/21.nuxt",[767],{"title":768,"path":769,"stem":770,"children":771,"icon":41},"Nuxt.js","/document/nuxt/guide","document/21.nuxt/01.guide/01.index",[772,774,778,782,786,790],{"title":773,"path":769,"stem":770},"Nuxt.js 简介与安装",{"title":775,"path":776,"stem":777},"目录约定与自动导入","/document/nuxt/guide/directory-and-auto-imports","document/21.nuxt/01.guide/02.directory-and-auto-imports",{"title":779,"path":780,"stem":781},"文件路由与导航","/document/nuxt/guide/routing","document/21.nuxt/01.guide/03.routing",{"title":783,"path":784,"stem":785},"数据获取","/document/nuxt/guide/data-fetching","document/21.nuxt/01.guide/04.data-fetching",{"title":787,"path":788,"stem":789},"状态管理","/document/nuxt/guide/state-management","document/21.nuxt/01.guide/05.state-management",{"title":791,"path":792,"stem":793},"配置与部署","/document/nuxt/guide/config-and-deploy","document/21.nuxt/01.guide/06.config-and-deploy",{"title":795,"path":796,"stem":797,"children":798,"page":50},"Npm","/document/npm","document/22.npm",[799],{"title":800,"path":801,"stem":802,"children":803,"icon":830},"NPM","/document/npm/guide","document/22.npm/01.guide/01.index",[804,806,810,814,818,822,826],{"title":805,"path":801,"stem":802},"NPM 入门",{"title":807,"path":808,"stem":809},"package.json 详解","/document/npm/guide/package-json","document/22.npm/01.guide/02.package-json",{"title":811,"path":812,"stem":813},"安装命令与版本","/document/npm/guide/install-commands","document/22.npm/01.guide/03.install-commands",{"title":815,"path":816,"stem":817},"scripts 与 npx","/document/npm/guide/scripts-and-npx","document/22.npm/01.guide/04.scripts-and-npx",{"title":819,"path":820,"stem":821},"发布包与镜像源","/document/npm/guide/publish-and-registry","document/22.npm/01.guide/05.publish-and-registry",{"title":823,"path":824,"stem":825},"lock 文件与清理","/document/npm/guide/lock-and-clean","document/22.npm/01.guide/06.lock-and-clean",{"title":827,"path":828,"stem":829},"Yarn 与 pnpm","/document/npm/guide/yarn-and-pnpm","document/22.npm/01.guide/07.yarn-and-pnpm","i-simple-icons-npm",{"title":832,"icon":833,"path":834,"stem":835,"children":836,"page":50},"Handlebars","i-simple-icons-handlebarsdotjs","/document/handlebars","document/23.handlebars",[837],{"title":838,"path":839,"stem":840,"children":841},"Handlebars 简介","/document/handlebars/guide","document/23.handlebars/01.guide/01.index",[842,843,847,851,855,859],{"title":838,"path":839,"stem":840},{"title":844,"path":845,"stem":846},"基本语法","/document/handlebars/guide/syntax","document/23.handlebars/01.guide/02.syntax",{"title":848,"path":849,"stem":850},"内置辅助函数","/document/handlebars/guide/builtins","document/23.handlebars/01.guide/03.builtins",{"title":852,"path":853,"stem":854},"模板复用","/document/handlebars/guide/partials","document/23.handlebars/01.guide/04.partials",{"title":856,"path":857,"stem":858},"自定义 Helpers","/document/handlebars/guide/helpers","document/23.handlebars/01.guide/05.helpers",{"title":860,"path":861,"stem":862},"预编译与运行时","/document/handlebars/guide/runtime","document/23.handlebars/01.guide/06.runtime",{"title":864,"icon":865,"path":866,"stem":867,"children":868,"page":50},"Plop","i-simple-icons-nodedotjs","/document/plop","document/24.plop",[869],{"title":870,"path":871,"stem":872,"children":873},"Plop 简介","/document/plop/guide","document/24.plop/01.guide/01.index",[874,875,879,883,887,891,895],{"title":870,"path":871,"stem":872},{"title":876,"path":877,"stem":878},"第一个生成器","/document/plop/guide/plopfile","document/24.plop/01.guide/02.plopfile",{"title":880,"path":881,"stem":882},"交互式询问","/document/plop/guide/prompts","document/24.plop/01.guide/03.prompts",{"title":884,"path":885,"stem":886},"核心动作","/document/plop/guide/actions","document/24.plop/01.guide/04.actions",{"title":888,"path":889,"stem":890},"模板文件组织","/document/plop/guide/templates","document/24.plop/01.guide/05.templates",{"title":892,"path":893,"stem":894},"Helper 扩展","/document/plop/guide/helpers","document/24.plop/01.guide/06.helpers",{"title":896,"path":897,"stem":898},"组件生成实战","/document/plop/guide/practice","document/24.plop/01.guide/07.practice",{"title":900,"icon":901,"path":902,"stem":903,"children":904,"page":50},"Rollup","i-simple-icons-rollupdotjs","/document/rollup","document/25.rollup",[905],{"title":906,"path":907,"stem":908,"children":909},"Rollup 简介","/document/rollup/guide","document/25.rollup/01.guide/01.index",[910,911,914,918,921,925],{"title":906,"path":907,"stem":908},{"title":743,"path":912,"stem":913},"/document/rollup/guide/config","document/25.rollup/01.guide/02.config",{"title":915,"path":916,"stem":917},"输出格式","/document/rollup/guide/formats","document/25.rollup/01.guide/03.formats",{"title":747,"path":919,"stem":920},"/document/rollup/guide/plugins","document/25.rollup/01.guide/04.plugins",{"title":922,"path":923,"stem":924},"Tree Shaking","/document/rollup/guide/tree-shaking","document/25.rollup/01.guide/05.tree-shaking",{"title":926,"path":927,"stem":928},"打包工具库实战","/document/rollup/guide/library","document/25.rollup/01.guide/06.library",{"title":930,"icon":865,"path":931,"stem":932,"children":933,"page":50},"Snabbdom","/document/snabbdom","document/26.snabbdom",[934],{"title":935,"path":936,"stem":937,"children":938},"Snabbdom 简介","/document/snabbdom/guide","document/26.snabbdom/01.guide/01.index",[939,940,944,948,952,956,960],{"title":935,"path":936,"stem":937},{"title":941,"path":942,"stem":943},"h 函数","/document/snabbdom/guide/h","document/26.snabbdom/01.guide/02.h",{"title":945,"path":946,"stem":947},"模块机制","/document/snabbdom/guide/modules","document/26.snabbdom/01.guide/03.modules",{"title":949,"path":950,"stem":951},"patch 渲染与更新","/document/snabbdom/guide/patch","document/26.snabbdom/01.guide/04.patch",{"title":953,"path":954,"stem":955},"key 的作用","/document/snabbdom/guide/key","document/26.snabbdom/01.guide/05.key",{"title":957,"path":958,"stem":959},"Diff 原理","/document/snabbdom/guide/diff","document/26.snabbdom/01.guide/06.diff",{"title":961,"path":962,"stem":963},"手写迷你虚拟 DOM","/document/snabbdom/guide/practice","document/26.snabbdom/01.guide/07.practice",{"title":965,"icon":966,"path":967,"stem":968,"children":969,"page":50},"Vercel","i-simple-icons-vercel","/document/vercel","document/27.vercel",[970],{"title":971,"path":972,"stem":973,"children":974},"Vercel 简介","/document/vercel/guide","document/27.vercel/01.guide/01.index",[975,976,980,984,988,992,996],{"title":971,"path":972,"stem":973},{"title":977,"path":978,"stem":979},"Vercel CLI","/document/vercel/guide/cli","document/27.vercel/01.guide/02.cli",{"title":981,"path":982,"stem":983},"项目设置与环境变量","/document/vercel/guide/settings","document/27.vercel/01.guide/03.settings",{"title":985,"path":986,"stem":987},"预览部署与回滚","/document/vercel/guide/preview","document/27.vercel/01.guide/04.preview",{"title":989,"path":990,"stem":991},"自定义域名","/document/vercel/guide/domain","document/27.vercel/01.guide/05.domain",{"title":993,"path":994,"stem":995},"vercel.json 配置","/document/vercel/guide/vercel-json","document/27.vercel/01.guide/06.vercel-json",{"title":997,"path":998,"stem":999},"Serverless Functions","/document/vercel/guide/serverless","document/27.vercel/01.guide/07.serverless",{"title":1001,"icon":1002,"path":1003,"stem":1004,"children":1005,"page":50},"ECharts","i-simple-icons-apacheecharts","/document/echarts","document/28.echarts",[1006],{"title":1007,"path":1008,"stem":1009,"children":1010},"ECharts 简介","/document/echarts/guide","document/28.echarts/01.guide/01.index",[1011,1012,1016,1020,1024,1028,1032],{"title":1007,"path":1008,"stem":1009},{"title":1013,"path":1014,"stem":1015},"核心配置项","/document/echarts/guide/option","document/28.echarts/01.guide/02.option",{"title":1017,"path":1018,"stem":1019},"常用图表类型","/document/echarts/guide/charts","document/28.echarts/01.guide/03.charts",{"title":1021,"path":1022,"stem":1023},"样式与主题","/document/echarts/guide/style","document/28.echarts/01.guide/04.style",{"title":1025,"path":1026,"stem":1027},"交互与事件","/document/echarts/guide/interaction","document/28.echarts/01.guide/05.interaction",{"title":1029,"path":1030,"stem":1031},"动态数据","/document/echarts/guide/data","document/28.echarts/01.guide/06.data",{"title":1033,"path":1034,"stem":1035},"Vue3 实战","/document/echarts/guide/vue","document/28.echarts/01.guide/07.vue",{"title":1037,"icon":1038,"path":1039,"stem":1040,"children":1041,"page":50},"D3","i-simple-icons-d3dotjs","/document/d3","document/29.d3",[1042],{"title":1043,"path":1044,"stem":1045,"children":1046},"D3 简介","/document/d3/guide","document/29.d3/01.guide/01.index",[1047,1048,1052,1056,1060,1064,1068,1072],{"title":1043,"path":1044,"stem":1045},{"title":1049,"path":1050,"stem":1051},"选择集与数据绑定","/document/d3/guide/selection","document/29.d3/01.guide/02.selection",{"title":1053,"path":1054,"stem":1055},"比例尺","/document/d3/guide/scale","document/29.d3/01.guide/03.scale",{"title":1057,"path":1058,"stem":1059},"坐标轴","/document/d3/guide/axis","document/29.d3/01.guide/04.axis",{"title":1061,"path":1062,"stem":1063},"图形生成器","/document/d3/guide/shape","document/29.d3/01.guide/05.shape",{"title":1065,"path":1066,"stem":1067},"过渡动画","/document/d3/guide/transition","document/29.d3/01.guide/06.transition",{"title":1069,"path":1070,"stem":1071},"交互与缩放","/document/d3/guide/interaction","document/29.d3/01.guide/07.interaction",{"title":1033,"path":1073,"stem":1074},"/document/d3/guide/vue","document/29.d3/01.guide/08.vue",{"title":1076,"icon":1077,"path":1078,"stem":1079,"children":1080,"page":50},"Three.js","i-simple-icons-threedotjs","/document/threejs","document/30.threejs",[1081],{"title":1082,"path":1083,"stem":1084,"children":1085},"Three.js 简介","/document/threejs/guide","document/30.threejs/01.guide/01.index",[1086,1087,1091,1095,1099,1103,1107],{"title":1082,"path":1083,"stem":1084},{"title":1088,"path":1089,"stem":1090},"几何体与材质","/document/threejs/guide/geometry","document/30.threejs/01.guide/02.geometry",{"title":1092,"path":1093,"stem":1094},"灯光与阴影","/document/threejs/guide/light","document/30.threejs/01.guide/03.light",{"title":1096,"path":1097,"stem":1098},"相机与坐标系","/document/threejs/guide/camera","document/30.threejs/01.guide/04.camera",{"title":1100,"path":1101,"stem":1102},"动画与渲染循环","/document/threejs/guide/animation","document/30.threejs/01.guide/05.animation",{"title":1104,"path":1105,"stem":1106},"轨道控制器","/document/threejs/guide/control","document/30.threejs/01.guide/06.control",{"title":1033,"path":1108,"stem":1109},"/document/threejs/guide/vue","document/30.threejs/01.guide/07.vue",{"title":1111,"icon":865,"path":1112,"stem":1113,"children":1114,"page":50},"Node.js","/document/nodejs","document/32.nodejs",[1115],{"title":1116,"path":1117,"stem":1118,"children":1119},"Node.js 简介","/document/nodejs/guide","document/32.nodejs/01.guide/01.index",[1120,1121,1125,1129,1133,1137,1141,1145],{"title":1116,"path":1117,"stem":1118},{"title":1122,"path":1123,"stem":1124},"模块化","/document/nodejs/guide/module","document/32.nodejs/01.guide/02.module",{"title":1126,"path":1127,"stem":1128},"fs 文件系统","/document/nodejs/guide/fs","document/32.nodejs/01.guide/03.fs",{"title":1130,"path":1131,"stem":1132},"path 路径模块","/document/nodejs/guide/path","document/32.nodejs/01.guide/04.path",{"title":1134,"path":1135,"stem":1136},"http 搭建服务器","/document/nodejs/guide/http","document/32.nodejs/01.guide/05.http",{"title":1138,"path":1139,"stem":1140},"事件循环","/document/nodejs/guide/event-loop","document/32.nodejs/01.guide/06.event-loop",{"title":1142,"path":1143,"stem":1144},"process 与环境变量","/document/nodejs/guide/process","document/32.nodejs/01.guide/07.process",{"title":1146,"path":1147,"stem":1148},"events 事件模块","/document/nodejs/guide/events","document/32.nodejs/01.guide/08.events",{"title":1150,"icon":1151,"path":1152,"stem":1153,"children":1154,"page":50},"Express","i-simple-icons-express","/document/express","document/33.express",[1155],{"title":1156,"path":1157,"stem":1158,"children":1159},"Express 简介","/document/express/guide","document/33.express/01.guide/01.index",[1160,1161,1165,1169,1173,1177],{"title":1156,"path":1157,"stem":1158},{"title":1162,"path":1163,"stem":1164},"路由","/document/express/guide/routing","document/33.express/01.guide/02.routing",{"title":1166,"path":1167,"stem":1168},"中间件","/document/express/guide/middleware","document/33.express/01.guide/03.middleware",{"title":1170,"path":1171,"stem":1172},"请求与响应","/document/express/guide/request-response","document/33.express/01.guide/04.request-response",{"title":1174,"path":1175,"stem":1176},"错误处理","/document/express/guide/error-handling","document/33.express/01.guide/05.error-handling",{"title":1178,"path":1179,"stem":1180},"RESTful 实战","/document/express/guide/restful-api","document/33.express/01.guide/06.restful-api",{"title":1182,"icon":1183,"path":1184,"stem":1185,"children":1186,"page":50},"Koa","i-simple-icons-koa","/document/koa","document/34.koa",[1187],{"title":1188,"path":1189,"stem":1190,"children":1191},"Koa 简介","/document/koa/guide","document/34.koa/01.guide/01.index",[1192,1193,1197,1201,1204,1208],{"title":1188,"path":1189,"stem":1190},{"title":1194,"path":1195,"stem":1196},"Context 上下文","/document/koa/guide/context","document/34.koa/01.guide/02.context",{"title":1198,"path":1199,"stem":1200},"中间件与洋葱模型","/document/koa/guide/middleware","document/34.koa/01.guide/03.middleware",{"title":1162,"path":1202,"stem":1203},"/document/koa/guide/routing","document/34.koa/01.guide/04.routing",{"title":1205,"path":1206,"stem":1207},"请求体与错误处理","/document/koa/guide/body-and-error","document/34.koa/01.guide/05.body-and-error",{"title":1209,"path":1210,"stem":1211},"RESTful 接口实战","/document/koa/guide/restful-api","document/34.koa/01.guide/06.restful-api",{"title":1213,"icon":1214,"path":1215,"stem":1216,"children":1217,"page":50},"Egg.js","i-lucide-egg","/document/egg","document/35.egg",[1218],{"title":1219,"path":1220,"stem":1221,"children":1222},"Egg.js 简介","/document/egg/guide","document/35.egg/01.guide/01.index",[1223,1224,1228,1232,1236,1240],{"title":1219,"path":1220,"stem":1221},{"title":1225,"path":1226,"stem":1227},"路由与 Controller","/document/egg/guide/router-controller","document/35.egg/01.guide/02.router-controller",{"title":1229,"path":1230,"stem":1231},"Service 业务逻辑","/document/egg/guide/service","document/35.egg/01.guide/03.service",{"title":1233,"path":1234,"stem":1235},"配置与中间件","/document/egg/guide/config-middleware","document/35.egg/01.guide/04.config-middleware",{"title":1237,"path":1238,"stem":1239},"插件与扩展","/document/egg/guide/plugin-extend","document/35.egg/01.guide/05.plugin-extend",{"title":1209,"path":1241,"stem":1242},"/document/egg/guide/restful-api","document/35.egg/01.guide/06.restful-api",{"title":1244,"icon":1245,"path":1246,"stem":1247,"children":1248,"page":50},"Docker","i-simple-icons-docker","/document/docker","document/36.docker",[1249],{"title":1250,"path":1251,"stem":1252,"children":1253},"Docker 简介","/document/docker/guide","document/36.docker/01.guide/01.index",[1254,1255,1259,1263,1267],{"title":1250,"path":1251,"stem":1252},{"title":1256,"path":1257,"stem":1258},"镜像与容器","/document/docker/guide/image-container","document/36.docker/01.guide/02.image-container",{"title":1260,"path":1261,"stem":1262},"数据卷","/document/docker/guide/volume","document/36.docker/01.guide/03.volume",{"title":1264,"path":1265,"stem":1266},"Dockerfile","/document/docker/guide/dockerfile","document/36.docker/01.guide/04.dockerfile",{"title":1268,"path":1269,"stem":1270},"Docker Compose","/document/docker/guide/docker-compose","document/36.docker/01.guide/05.docker-compose",{"title":1272,"icon":1273,"path":1274,"stem":1275,"children":1276,"page":50},"MySQL","i-simple-icons-mysql","/document/mysql","document/37.mysql",[1277],{"title":1278,"path":1279,"stem":1280,"children":1281},"MySQL 简介","/document/mysql/guide","document/37.mysql/01.guide/01.index",[1282,1283,1287,1291,1295,1299,1303],{"title":1278,"path":1279,"stem":1280},{"title":1284,"path":1285,"stem":1286},"增删改查","/document/mysql/guide/crud","document/37.mysql/01.guide/02.crud",{"title":1288,"path":1289,"stem":1290},"条件查询与分页","/document/mysql/guide/query","document/37.mysql/01.guide/03.query",{"title":1292,"path":1293,"stem":1294},"数据类型与约束","/document/mysql/guide/data-type","document/37.mysql/01.guide/04.data-type",{"title":1296,"path":1297,"stem":1298},"多表关联查询","/document/mysql/guide/join","document/37.mysql/01.guide/05.join",{"title":1300,"path":1301,"stem":1302},"Node.js 操作 MySQL","/document/mysql/guide/nodejs","document/37.mysql/01.guide/06.nodejs",{"title":1304,"path":1305,"stem":1306},"索引与优化","/document/mysql/guide/optimize","document/37.mysql/01.guide/07.optimize",{"title":1308,"icon":1309,"path":1310,"stem":1311,"children":1312,"page":50},"MongoDB","i-simple-icons-mongodb","/document/mongodb","document/38.mongodb",[1313],{"title":1314,"path":1315,"stem":1316,"children":1317},"MongoDB 简介","/document/mongodb/guide","document/38.mongodb/01.guide/01.index",[1318,1319,1322,1326,1330,1334,1338,1342],{"title":1314,"path":1315,"stem":1316},{"title":1284,"path":1320,"stem":1321},"/document/mongodb/guide/crud","document/38.mongodb/01.guide/02.crud",{"title":1323,"path":1324,"stem":1325},"条件查询","/document/mongodb/guide/query","document/38.mongodb/01.guide/03.query",{"title":1327,"path":1328,"stem":1329},"文档与数据类型","/document/mongodb/guide/document","document/38.mongodb/01.guide/04.document",{"title":1331,"path":1332,"stem":1333},"Node.js 操作 MongoDB","/document/mongodb/guide/nodejs","document/38.mongodb/01.guide/05.nodejs",{"title":1335,"path":1336,"stem":1337},"Mongoose","/document/mongodb/guide/mongoose","document/38.mongodb/01.guide/06.mongoose",{"title":1339,"path":1340,"stem":1341},"索引","/document/mongodb/guide/optimize","document/38.mongodb/01.guide/07.optimize",{"title":1343,"path":1344,"stem":1345},"聚合管道","/document/mongodb/guide/aggregate","document/38.mongodb/01.guide/08.aggregate",{"title":1347,"icon":1348,"path":1349,"stem":1350,"children":1351,"page":50},"GraphQL","i-simple-icons-graphql","/document/graphql","document/39.graphql",[1352],{"title":1353,"path":1354,"stem":1355,"children":1356},"GraphQL 简介","/document/graphql/guide","document/39.graphql/01.guide/01.index",[1357,1358,1362,1366,1370,1374],{"title":1353,"path":1354,"stem":1355},{"title":1359,"path":1360,"stem":1361},"类型系统","/document/graphql/guide/schema","document/39.graphql/01.guide/02.schema",{"title":1363,"path":1364,"stem":1365},"查询进阶","/document/graphql/guide/query","document/39.graphql/01.guide/03.query",{"title":1367,"path":1368,"stem":1369},"Mutation 增删改","/document/graphql/guide/mutation","document/39.graphql/01.guide/04.mutation",{"title":1371,"path":1372,"stem":1373},"Express 集成","/document/graphql/guide/express","document/39.graphql/01.guide/05.express",{"title":1375,"path":1376,"stem":1377},"前端调用","/document/graphql/guide/client","document/39.graphql/01.guide/06.client",{"title":1379,"icon":1380,"path":1381,"stem":1382,"children":1383,"page":50},"Vue2 源码","i-simple-icons-vuedotjs","/document/source-vue2","document/40.source-vue2",[1384],{"title":1385,"path":1386,"stem":1387,"children":1388},"Vue2 源码简介","/document/source-vue2/guide","document/40.source-vue2/01.guide/01.index",[1389,1390,1394,1398,1402,1406,1410,1414],{"title":1385,"path":1386,"stem":1387},{"title":1391,"path":1392,"stem":1393},"初始化流程","/document/source-vue2/guide/init","document/40.source-vue2/01.guide/02.init",{"title":1395,"path":1396,"stem":1397},"响应式原理","/document/source-vue2/guide/reactive","document/40.source-vue2/01.guide/03.reactive",{"title":1399,"path":1400,"stem":1401},"Dep 与 Watcher","/document/source-vue2/guide/dep-watcher","document/40.source-vue2/01.guide/04.dep-watcher",{"title":1403,"path":1404,"stem":1405},"异步更新与 nextTick","/document/source-vue2/guide/nexttick","document/40.source-vue2/01.guide/05.nexttick",{"title":1407,"path":1408,"stem":1409},"虚拟 DOM 与 patch","/document/source-vue2/guide/vnode-patch","document/40.source-vue2/01.guide/06.vnode-patch",{"title":1411,"path":1412,"stem":1413},"模板编译","/document/source-vue2/guide/compile","document/40.source-vue2/01.guide/07.compile",{"title":1415,"path":1416,"stem":1417},"computed 与 watch 原理","/document/source-vue2/guide/computed-watch","document/40.source-vue2/01.guide/08.computed-watch",{"title":1419,"icon":1380,"path":1420,"stem":1421,"children":1422,"page":50},"Vue3 源码","/document/source-vue3","document/41.source-vue3",[1423],{"title":1424,"path":1425,"stem":1426,"children":1427},"Vue3 源码简介","/document/source-vue3/guide","document/41.source-vue3/01.guide/01.index",[1428,1429,1433,1437,1441,1445,1449,1452],{"title":1424,"path":1425,"stem":1426},{"title":1430,"path":1431,"stem":1432},"创建与挂载","/document/source-vue3/guide/create-app","document/41.source-vue3/01.guide/02.create-app",{"title":1434,"path":1435,"stem":1436},"Proxy 响应式","/document/source-vue3/guide/reactive","document/41.source-vue3/01.guide/03.reactive",{"title":1438,"path":1439,"stem":1440},"effect 与依赖收集","/document/source-vue3/guide/effect","document/41.source-vue3/01.guide/04.effect",{"title":1442,"path":1443,"stem":1444},"ref 与 computed","/document/source-vue3/guide/ref-computed","document/41.source-vue3/01.guide/05.ref-computed",{"title":1446,"path":1447,"stem":1448},"调度器与 nextTick","/document/source-vue3/guide/scheduler-nexttick","document/41.source-vue3/01.guide/06.scheduler-nexttick",{"title":1407,"path":1450,"stem":1451},"/document/source-vue3/guide/vnode-patch","document/41.source-vue3/01.guide/07.vnode-patch",{"title":1411,"path":1453,"stem":1454},"/document/source-vue3/guide/compile","document/41.source-vue3/01.guide/08.compile",{"title":1456,"icon":1457,"path":1458,"stem":1459,"children":1460,"page":50},"性能优化","i-lucide-zap","/document/performance","document/42.performance",[1461],{"title":1462,"path":1463,"stem":1464,"children":1465},"性能优化简介","/document/performance/guide","document/42.performance/01.guide/01.index",[1466,1467,1471,1475,1479,1483],{"title":1462,"path":1463,"stem":1464},{"title":1468,"path":1469,"stem":1470},"加载优化","/document/performance/guide/loading","document/42.performance/01.guide/02.loading",{"title":1472,"path":1473,"stem":1474},"渲染优化","/document/performance/guide/rendering","document/42.performance/01.guide/03.rendering",{"title":1476,"path":1477,"stem":1478},"缓存策略","/document/performance/guide/cache","document/42.performance/01.guide/04.cache",{"title":1480,"path":1481,"stem":1482},"构建产物优化","/document/performance/guide/build","document/42.performance/01.guide/05.build",{"title":1484,"path":1485,"stem":1486},"性能指标与工具","/document/performance/guide/metrics","document/42.performance/01.guide/06.metrics",{"title":1488,"icon":1489,"path":1490,"stem":1491,"children":1492,"page":50},"前端监控","i-lucide-activity","/document/monitor","document/43.monitor",[1493],{"title":1494,"path":1495,"stem":1496,"children":1497},"前端监控简介","/document/monitor/guide","document/43.monitor/01.guide/01.index",[1498,1499,1503,1507,1511,1515],{"title":1494,"path":1495,"stem":1496},{"title":1500,"path":1501,"stem":1502},"错误采集","/document/monitor/guide/error","document/43.monitor/01.guide/02.error",{"title":1504,"path":1505,"stem":1506},"埋点与上报","/document/monitor/guide/tracking","document/43.monitor/01.guide/03.tracking",{"title":1508,"path":1509,"stem":1510},"性能数据上报","/document/monitor/guide/performance-data","document/43.monitor/01.guide/04.performance-data",{"title":1512,"path":1513,"stem":1514},"Sentry 实践","/document/monitor/guide/sentry","document/43.monitor/01.guide/05.sentry",{"title":1516,"path":1517,"stem":1518},"日志与告警","/document/monitor/guide/logging","document/43.monitor/01.guide/06.logging",{"id":1520,"title":295,"body":1521,"description":3057,"extension":3058,"links":3059,"meta":3060,"navigation":3061,"path":296,"seo":3062,"stem":297,"__hash__":3063},"docs/document/06.es6/01.guide/07.esm.md",{"type":1522,"value":1523,"toc":3039},"minimal",[1524,1529,1542,1545,1549,1552,1561,1563,1567,1572,1575,1745,1748,1837,1841,1844,1930,1933,1998,2001,2079,2081,2085,2088,2105,2108,2169,2172,2215,2218,2290,2292,2296,2341,2343,2347,2350,2544,2547,2706,2709,2711,2714,2721,2769,2776,2778,2781,2796,2798,2804,2807,2900,2903,2905,2909,2925,2927,2931,2934,2941,2944,2951,2954,2957,2959,2963,2981,2996,3011,3016,3030,3032,3035],[1525,1526,1528],"h2",{"id":1527},"引言","🎯 引言",[1530,1531,1532,1533,1537,1538,1541],"p",{},"学完这篇文章，你将理解 ES6 的 ESM（ECMAScript Modules）模块化标准，掌握如何使用 ",[1534,1535,1536],"code",{},"import"," 和 ",[1534,1539,1540],{},"export"," 来拆分和组织代码。这对于提升代码的可维护性和复用性非常重要。还能更好地适配现代前端构建工具和浏览器环境，避免命名冲突，让你写出更有条理的 JavaScript 应用。",[1543,1544],"hr",{},[1525,1546,1548],{"id":1547},"什么是-esm-模块化","📦 什么是 ESM 模块化？",[1530,1550,1551],{},"模块化其实就是把复杂的代码拆解成一个个小块，每块专注做一件事。在之前的 JavaScript 世界里，模块化方案比较多，比如 CommonJS（Node.js 常用）和 AMD，但它们都不是标准。ES6 以后，JavaScript 官方推出了自己的模块化机制，叫 ESM（ECMAScript Module），简称模块。",[1530,1553,1554,1555,1557,1558,1560],{},"ESM 是 JavaScript 的原生模块系统，浏览器和 Node.js 都支持。它允许你使用 ",[1534,1556,1540],{}," 导出变量、函数或类，再用 ",[1534,1559,1536],{}," 把它们引入到别的文件中，完美实现代码拆分和复用。",[1543,1562],{},[1525,1564,1566],{"id":1565},"esm-的基本用法","🚀 ESM 的基本用法",[1568,1569,1571],"h3",{"id":1570},"导出export","导出（export）",[1530,1573,1574],{},"你可以导出变量、函数、对象，甚至类：",[1576,1577,1582],"pre",{"className":1578,"code":1579,"language":1580,"meta":1581,"style":1581},"language-js shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight","// math.js\nexport const PI = 3.14159;\n\nexport function add(x, y) {\n    return x + y;\n}\n\nexport class Calculator {\n    subtract(a, b) {\n        return a - b;\n    }\n}\n","js","",[1534,1583,1584,1593,1618,1625,1656,1672,1678,1683,1697,1718,1734,1740],{"__ignoreMap":1581},[1585,1586,1589],"span",{"class":1587,"line":1588},"line",1,[1585,1590,1592],{"class":1591},"syuKq","// math.js\n",[1585,1594,1596,1599,1603,1607,1611,1615],{"class":1587,"line":1595},2,[1585,1597,1540],{"class":1598},"s8pZq",[1585,1600,1602],{"class":1601},"s50WR"," const",[1585,1604,1606],{"class":1605},"sndM8"," PI ",[1585,1608,1610],{"class":1609},"s86vT","=",[1585,1612,1614],{"class":1613},"smPcV"," 3.14159",[1585,1616,1617],{"class":1609},";\n",[1585,1619,1621],{"class":1587,"line":1620},3,[1585,1622,1624],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1623},true,"\n",[1585,1626,1628,1630,1633,1637,1640,1644,1647,1650,1653],{"class":1587,"line":1627},4,[1585,1629,1540],{"class":1598},[1585,1631,1632],{"class":1601}," function",[1585,1634,1636],{"class":1635},"swgpB"," add",[1585,1638,1639],{"class":1609},"(",[1585,1641,1643],{"class":1642},"sK9QF","x",[1585,1645,1646],{"class":1609},",",[1585,1648,1649],{"class":1642}," y",[1585,1651,1652],{"class":1609},")",[1585,1654,1655],{"class":1609}," {\n",[1585,1657,1659,1662,1665,1668,1670],{"class":1587,"line":1658},5,[1585,1660,1661],{"class":1598},"    return",[1585,1663,1664],{"class":1605}," x",[1585,1666,1667],{"class":1609}," +",[1585,1669,1649],{"class":1605},[1585,1671,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,1673,1675],{"class":1587,"line":1674},6,[1585,1676,1677],{"class":1609},"}\n",[1585,1679,1681],{"class":1587,"line":1680},7,[1585,1682,1624],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1623},[1585,1684,1686,1688,1691,1695],{"class":1587,"line":1685},8,[1585,1687,1540],{"class":1598},[1585,1689,1690],{"class":1601}," class",[1585,1692,1694],{"class":1693},"sYGMc"," Calculator",[1585,1696,1655],{"class":1609},[1585,1698,1700,1704,1706,1709,1711,1714,1716],{"class":1587,"line":1699},9,[1585,1701,1703],{"class":1702},"sd2Uz","    subtract",[1585,1705,1639],{"class":1609},[1585,1707,1708],{"class":1642},"a",[1585,1710,1646],{"class":1609},[1585,1712,1713],{"class":1642}," b",[1585,1715,1652],{"class":1609},[1585,1717,1655],{"class":1609},[1585,1719,1721,1724,1727,1730,1732],{"class":1587,"line":1720},10,[1585,1722,1723],{"class":1598},"        return",[1585,1725,1726],{"class":1605}," a",[1585,1728,1729],{"class":1609}," -",[1585,1731,1713],{"class":1605},[1585,1733,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,1735,1737],{"class":1587,"line":1736},11,[1585,1738,1739],{"class":1609},"    }\n",[1585,1741,1743],{"class":1587,"line":1742},12,[1585,1744,1677],{"class":1609},[1530,1746,1747],{},"你还可以一次性导出：",[1576,1749,1751],{"className":1578,"code":1750,"language":1580,"meta":1581,"style":1581},"const name = 'ES6 ESM';\nfunction greet() {\n    console.log('Hello ESM!');\n}\n\nexport { name, greet };\n",[1534,1752,1753,1775,1788,1812,1816,1820],{"__ignoreMap":1581},[1585,1754,1755,1758,1761,1763,1766,1770,1773],{"class":1587,"line":1588},[1585,1756,1757],{"class":1601},"const",[1585,1759,1760],{"class":1605}," name ",[1585,1762,1610],{"class":1609},[1585,1764,1765],{"class":1609}," '",[1585,1767,1769],{"class":1768},"sIEYB","ES6 ESM",[1585,1771,1772],{"class":1609},"'",[1585,1774,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,1776,1777,1780,1783,1786],{"class":1587,"line":1595},[1585,1778,1779],{"class":1601},"function",[1585,1781,1782],{"class":1635}," greet",[1585,1784,1785],{"class":1609},"()",[1585,1787,1655],{"class":1609},[1585,1789,1790,1793,1796,1799,1801,1803,1806,1808,1810],{"class":1587,"line":1620},[1585,1791,1792],{"class":1605},"    console",[1585,1794,1795],{"class":1609},".",[1585,1797,1798],{"class":1635},"log",[1585,1800,1639],{"class":1702},[1585,1802,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,1804,1805],{"class":1768},"Hello ESM!",[1585,1807,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,1809,1652],{"class":1702},[1585,1811,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,1813,1814],{"class":1587,"line":1627},[1585,1815,1677],{"class":1609},[1585,1817,1818],{"class":1587,"line":1658},[1585,1819,1624],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1623},[1585,1821,1822,1824,1827,1830,1832,1834],{"class":1587,"line":1674},[1585,1823,1540],{"class":1598},[1585,1825,1826],{"class":1609}," {",[1585,1828,1829],{"class":1605}," name",[1585,1831,1646],{"class":1609},[1585,1833,1782],{"class":1605},[1585,1835,1836],{"class":1609}," };\n",[1568,1838,1840],{"id":1839},"导入import","导入（import）",[1530,1842,1843],{},"导入时，可以选择导入所有导出的成员，或者部分导入：",[1576,1845,1847],{"className":1578,"code":1846,"language":1580,"meta":1581,"style":1581},"import { PI, add } from './math.js';\n\nconsole.log(PI); // 3.14159\nconsole.log(add(2, 3)); // 5\n",[1534,1848,1849,1877,1881,1899],{"__ignoreMap":1581},[1585,1850,1851,1853,1855,1858,1860,1862,1865,1868,1870,1873,1875],{"class":1587,"line":1588},[1585,1852,1536],{"class":1598},[1585,1854,1826],{"class":1609},[1585,1856,1857],{"class":1605}," PI",[1585,1859,1646],{"class":1609},[1585,1861,1636],{"class":1605},[1585,1863,1864],{"class":1609}," }",[1585,1866,1867],{"class":1598}," from",[1585,1869,1765],{"class":1609},[1585,1871,1872],{"class":1768},"./math.js",[1585,1874,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,1876,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,1878,1879],{"class":1587,"line":1595},[1585,1880,1624],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1623},[1585,1882,1883,1886,1888,1890,1893,1896],{"class":1587,"line":1620},[1585,1884,1885],{"class":1605},"console",[1585,1887,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,1889,1798],{"class":1635},[1585,1891,1892],{"class":1605},"(PI)",[1585,1894,1895],{"class":1609},";",[1585,1897,1898],{"class":1591}," // 3.14159\n",[1585,1900,1901,1903,1905,1907,1909,1912,1914,1917,1919,1922,1925,1927],{"class":1587,"line":1627},[1585,1902,1885],{"class":1605},[1585,1904,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,1906,1798],{"class":1635},[1585,1908,1639],{"class":1605},[1585,1910,1911],{"class":1635},"add",[1585,1913,1639],{"class":1605},[1585,1915,1916],{"class":1613},"2",[1585,1918,1646],{"class":1609},[1585,1920,1921],{"class":1613}," 3",[1585,1923,1924],{"class":1605},"))",[1585,1926,1895],{"class":1609},[1585,1928,1929],{"class":1591}," // 5\n",[1530,1931,1932],{},"你也可以给导入的内容起别名：",[1576,1934,1936],{"className":1578,"code":1935,"language":1580,"meta":1581,"style":1581},"import { add as sum } from './math.js';\n\nconsole.log(sum(5, 6)); // 11\n",[1534,1937,1938,1964,1968],{"__ignoreMap":1581},[1585,1939,1940,1942,1944,1946,1949,1952,1954,1956,1958,1960,1962],{"class":1587,"line":1588},[1585,1941,1536],{"class":1598},[1585,1943,1826],{"class":1609},[1585,1945,1636],{"class":1605},[1585,1947,1948],{"class":1598}," as",[1585,1950,1951],{"class":1605}," sum",[1585,1953,1864],{"class":1609},[1585,1955,1867],{"class":1598},[1585,1957,1765],{"class":1609},[1585,1959,1872],{"class":1768},[1585,1961,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,1963,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,1965,1966],{"class":1587,"line":1595},[1585,1967,1624],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1623},[1585,1969,1970,1972,1974,1976,1978,1981,1983,1986,1988,1991,1993,1995],{"class":1587,"line":1620},[1585,1971,1885],{"class":1605},[1585,1973,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,1975,1798],{"class":1635},[1585,1977,1639],{"class":1605},[1585,1979,1980],{"class":1635},"sum",[1585,1982,1639],{"class":1605},[1585,1984,1985],{"class":1613},"5",[1585,1987,1646],{"class":1609},[1585,1989,1990],{"class":1613}," 6",[1585,1992,1924],{"class":1605},[1585,1994,1895],{"class":1609},[1585,1996,1997],{"class":1591}," // 11\n",[1530,1999,2000],{},"导入整个模块到一个对象：",[1576,2002,2004],{"className":1578,"code":2003,"language":1580,"meta":1581,"style":1581},"import * as math from './math.js';\n\nconsole.log(math.PI);\nconsole.log(math.add(1, 2));\n",[1534,2005,2006,2029,2033,2051],{"__ignoreMap":1581},[1585,2007,2008,2010,2013,2015,2018,2021,2023,2025,2027],{"class":1587,"line":1588},[1585,2009,1536],{"class":1598},[1585,2011,2012],{"class":1609}," *",[1585,2014,1948],{"class":1598},[1585,2016,2017],{"class":1605}," math ",[1585,2019,2020],{"class":1598},"from",[1585,2022,1765],{"class":1609},[1585,2024,1872],{"class":1768},[1585,2026,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,2028,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,2030,2031],{"class":1587,"line":1595},[1585,2032,1624],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1623},[1585,2034,2035,2037,2039,2041,2044,2046,2049],{"class":1587,"line":1620},[1585,2036,1885],{"class":1605},[1585,2038,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,2040,1798],{"class":1635},[1585,2042,2043],{"class":1605},"(math",[1585,2045,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,2047,2048],{"class":1605},"PI)",[1585,2050,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,2052,2053,2055,2057,2059,2061,2063,2065,2067,2070,2072,2075,2077],{"class":1587,"line":1627},[1585,2054,1885],{"class":1605},[1585,2056,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,2058,1798],{"class":1635},[1585,2060,2043],{"class":1605},[1585,2062,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,2064,1911],{"class":1635},[1585,2066,1639],{"class":1605},[1585,2068,2069],{"class":1613},"1",[1585,2071,1646],{"class":1609},[1585,2073,2074],{"class":1613}," 2",[1585,2076,1924],{"class":1605},[1585,2078,1617],{"class":1609},[1543,2080],{},[1525,2082,2084],{"id":2083},"默认导出和命名导出","🧩 默认导出和命名导出",[1530,2086,2087],{},"ESM 支持两种导出方式：",[2089,2090,2091,2099],"ul",{},[2092,2093,2094,2098],"li",{},[2095,2096,2097],"strong",{},"命名导出","：上面例子用的就是，导出时写名字，导入时也用对应名字。",[2092,2100,2101,2104],{},[2095,2102,2103],{},"默认导出","：一个模块可以有且只有一个默认导出，适合导出主功能。",[1530,2106,2107],{},"举个默认导出例子：",[1576,2109,2111],{"className":1578,"code":2110,"language":1580,"meta":1581,"style":1581},"// logger.js\nexport default function log(message) {\n    console.log('Log:', message);\n}\n",[1534,2112,2113,2118,2139,2165],{"__ignoreMap":1581},[1585,2114,2115],{"class":1587,"line":1588},[1585,2116,2117],{"class":1591},"// logger.js\n",[1585,2119,2120,2122,2125,2127,2130,2132,2135,2137],{"class":1587,"line":1595},[1585,2121,1540],{"class":1598},[1585,2123,2124],{"class":1598}," default",[1585,2126,1632],{"class":1601},[1585,2128,2129],{"class":1635}," log",[1585,2131,1639],{"class":1609},[1585,2133,2134],{"class":1642},"message",[1585,2136,1652],{"class":1609},[1585,2138,1655],{"class":1609},[1585,2140,2141,2143,2145,2147,2149,2151,2154,2156,2158,2161,2163],{"class":1587,"line":1620},[1585,2142,1792],{"class":1605},[1585,2144,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,2146,1798],{"class":1635},[1585,2148,1639],{"class":1702},[1585,2150,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,2152,2153],{"class":1768},"Log:",[1585,2155,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,2157,1646],{"class":1609},[1585,2159,2160],{"class":1605}," message",[1585,2162,1652],{"class":1702},[1585,2164,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,2166,2167],{"class":1587,"line":1627},[1585,2168,1677],{"class":1609},[1530,2170,2171],{},"导入默认导出时，不用花括号：",[1576,2173,2175],{"className":1578,"code":2174,"language":1580,"meta":1581,"style":1581},"import log from './logger.js';\n\nlog('Hello ESM!');\n",[1534,2176,2177,2195,2199],{"__ignoreMap":1581},[1585,2178,2179,2181,2184,2186,2188,2191,2193],{"class":1587,"line":1588},[1585,2180,1536],{"class":1598},[1585,2182,2183],{"class":1605}," log ",[1585,2185,2020],{"class":1598},[1585,2187,1765],{"class":1609},[1585,2189,2190],{"class":1768},"./logger.js",[1585,2192,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,2194,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,2196,2197],{"class":1587,"line":1595},[1585,2198,1624],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1623},[1585,2200,2201,2203,2205,2207,2209,2211,2213],{"class":1587,"line":1620},[1585,2202,1798],{"class":1635},[1585,2204,1639],{"class":1605},[1585,2206,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,2208,1805],{"class":1768},[1585,2210,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,2212,1652],{"class":1605},[1585,2214,1617],{"class":1609},[1530,2216,2217],{},"默认导出也可以是变量、对象、数组或类：",[1576,2219,2221],{"className":1578,"code":2220,"language":1580,"meta":1581,"style":1581},"export default {\n    version: '1.0',\n    info() {\n        console.log('ESM 模块信息');\n    },\n};\n",[1534,2222,2223,2231,2249,2258,2280,2285],{"__ignoreMap":1581},[1585,2224,2225,2227,2229],{"class":1587,"line":1588},[1585,2226,1540],{"class":1598},[1585,2228,2124],{"class":1598},[1585,2230,1655],{"class":1609},[1585,2232,2233,2236,2239,2241,2244,2246],{"class":1587,"line":1595},[1585,2234,2235],{"class":1702},"    version",[1585,2237,2238],{"class":1609},":",[1585,2240,1765],{"class":1609},[1585,2242,2243],{"class":1768},"1.0",[1585,2245,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,2247,2248],{"class":1609},",\n",[1585,2250,2251,2254,2256],{"class":1587,"line":1620},[1585,2252,2253],{"class":1702},"    info",[1585,2255,1785],{"class":1609},[1585,2257,1655],{"class":1609},[1585,2259,2260,2263,2265,2267,2269,2271,2274,2276,2278],{"class":1587,"line":1627},[1585,2261,2262],{"class":1605},"        console",[1585,2264,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,2266,1798],{"class":1635},[1585,2268,1639],{"class":1702},[1585,2270,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,2272,2273],{"class":1768},"ESM 模块信息",[1585,2275,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,2277,1652],{"class":1702},[1585,2279,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,2281,2282],{"class":1587,"line":1658},[1585,2283,2284],{"class":1609},"    },\n",[1585,2286,2287],{"class":1587,"line":1674},[1585,2288,2289],{"class":1609},"};\n",[1543,2291],{},[1525,2293,2295],{"id":2294},"esm-特点和注意事项","🔄 ESM 特点和注意事项",[2089,2297,2298,2309,2312,2323,2335,2338],{},[2092,2299,2300,2301,2304,2305,2308],{},"ESM 文件默认采用严格模式（",[1534,2302,2303],{},"strict mode","），不用自己写 ",[1534,2306,2307],{},"'use strict'","。",[2092,2310,2311],{},"模块内的变量默认是模块作用域，外部访问不到。",[2092,2313,2314,2315,2318,2319,2322],{},"导入是",[2095,2316,2317],{},"静态分析","的，编译时就确定依赖关系，不支持动态加载（ES2020 有动态 ",[1534,2320,2321],{},"import()","，稍后会说）。",[2092,2324,2325,2326,2329,2330,1537,2333,2308],{},"不能在模块顶层使用 ",[1534,2327,2328],{},"var","，推荐用 ",[1534,2331,2332],{},"let",[1534,2334,1757],{},[2092,2336,2337],{},"模块加载是异步的，但浏览器会保证模块之间的依赖顺序。",[2092,2339,2340],{},"ESM 只支持相对路径或绝对路径导入，不能省略扩展名（在浏览器环境中）。",[1543,2342],{},[1525,2344,2346],{"id":2345},"实际应用场景举例","🧪 实际应用场景举例",[1530,2348,2349],{},"假设你有一个网页项目，写了很多函数处理日期、字符串和数组。把它们放一个文件里，代码会越来越乱。利用 ESM，把功能拆成不同模块：",[1576,2351,2353],{"className":1578,"code":2352,"language":1580,"meta":1581,"style":1581},"// dateUtils.js\nexport function formatDate(date) {\n    return date.toISOString().slice(0, 10);\n}\n\n// stringUtils.js\nexport function capitalize(str) {\n    return str.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str.slice(1);\n}\n\n// arrayUtils.js\nexport function unique(arr) {\n    return [...new Set(arr)];\n}\n",[1534,2354,2355,2360,2378,2411,2415,2419,2424,2442,2485,2489,2493,2498,2516,2539],{"__ignoreMap":1581},[1585,2356,2357],{"class":1587,"line":1588},[1585,2358,2359],{"class":1591},"// dateUtils.js\n",[1585,2361,2362,2364,2366,2369,2371,2374,2376],{"class":1587,"line":1595},[1585,2363,1540],{"class":1598},[1585,2365,1632],{"class":1601},[1585,2367,2368],{"class":1635}," formatDate",[1585,2370,1639],{"class":1609},[1585,2372,2373],{"class":1642},"date",[1585,2375,1652],{"class":1609},[1585,2377,1655],{"class":1609},[1585,2379,2380,2382,2385,2387,2390,2392,2394,2397,2399,2402,2404,2407,2409],{"class":1587,"line":1620},[1585,2381,1661],{"class":1598},[1585,2383,2384],{"class":1605}," date",[1585,2386,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,2388,2389],{"class":1635},"toISOString",[1585,2391,1785],{"class":1702},[1585,2393,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,2395,2396],{"class":1635},"slice",[1585,2398,1639],{"class":1702},[1585,2400,2401],{"class":1613},"0",[1585,2403,1646],{"class":1609},[1585,2405,2406],{"class":1613}," 10",[1585,2408,1652],{"class":1702},[1585,2410,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,2412,2413],{"class":1587,"line":1627},[1585,2414,1677],{"class":1609},[1585,2416,2417],{"class":1587,"line":1658},[1585,2418,1624],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1623},[1585,2420,2421],{"class":1587,"line":1674},[1585,2422,2423],{"class":1591},"// stringUtils.js\n",[1585,2425,2426,2428,2430,2433,2435,2438,2440],{"class":1587,"line":1680},[1585,2427,1540],{"class":1598},[1585,2429,1632],{"class":1601},[1585,2431,2432],{"class":1635}," capitalize",[1585,2434,1639],{"class":1609},[1585,2436,2437],{"class":1642},"str",[1585,2439,1652],{"class":1609},[1585,2441,1655],{"class":1609},[1585,2443,2444,2446,2449,2451,2454,2456,2458,2460,2462,2465,2468,2471,2473,2475,2477,2479,2481,2483],{"class":1587,"line":1685},[1585,2445,1661],{"class":1598},[1585,2447,2448],{"class":1605}," str",[1585,2450,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,2452,2453],{"class":1635},"charAt",[1585,2455,1639],{"class":1702},[1585,2457,2401],{"class":1613},[1585,2459,1652],{"class":1702},[1585,2461,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,2463,2464],{"class":1635},"toUpperCase",[1585,2466,2467],{"class":1702},"() ",[1585,2469,2470],{"class":1609},"+",[1585,2472,2448],{"class":1605},[1585,2474,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,2476,2396],{"class":1635},[1585,2478,1639],{"class":1702},[1585,2480,2069],{"class":1613},[1585,2482,1652],{"class":1702},[1585,2484,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,2486,2487],{"class":1587,"line":1699},[1585,2488,1677],{"class":1609},[1585,2490,2491],{"class":1587,"line":1720},[1585,2492,1624],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1623},[1585,2494,2495],{"class":1587,"line":1736},[1585,2496,2497],{"class":1591},"// arrayUtils.js\n",[1585,2499,2500,2502,2504,2507,2509,2512,2514],{"class":1587,"line":1742},[1585,2501,1540],{"class":1598},[1585,2503,1632],{"class":1601},[1585,2505,2506],{"class":1635}," unique",[1585,2508,1639],{"class":1609},[1585,2510,2511],{"class":1642},"arr",[1585,2513,1652],{"class":1609},[1585,2515,1655],{"class":1609},[1585,2517,2519,2521,2524,2527,2530,2532,2534,2537],{"class":1587,"line":2518},13,[1585,2520,1661],{"class":1598},[1585,2522,2523],{"class":1702}," [",[1585,2525,2526],{"class":1609},"...new",[1585,2528,2529],{"class":1635}," Set",[1585,2531,1639],{"class":1702},[1585,2533,2511],{"class":1605},[1585,2535,2536],{"class":1702},")]",[1585,2538,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,2540,2542],{"class":1587,"line":2541},14,[1585,2543,1677],{"class":1609},[1530,2545,2546],{},"主文件里这样引用：",[1576,2548,2550],{"className":1578,"code":2549,"language":1580,"meta":1581,"style":1581},"import { formatDate } from './dateUtils.js';\nimport { capitalize } from './stringUtils.js';\nimport { unique } from './arrayUtils.js';\n\nconsole.log(formatDate(new Date()));\nconsole.log(capitalize('hello'));\nconsole.log(unique([1, 2, 2, 3]));\n",[1534,2551,2552,2573,2594,2615,2619,2645,2671],{"__ignoreMap":1581},[1585,2553,2554,2556,2558,2560,2562,2564,2566,2569,2571],{"class":1587,"line":1588},[1585,2555,1536],{"class":1598},[1585,2557,1826],{"class":1609},[1585,2559,2368],{"class":1605},[1585,2561,1864],{"class":1609},[1585,2563,1867],{"class":1598},[1585,2565,1765],{"class":1609},[1585,2567,2568],{"class":1768},"./dateUtils.js",[1585,2570,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,2572,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,2574,2575,2577,2579,2581,2583,2585,2587,2590,2592],{"class":1587,"line":1595},[1585,2576,1536],{"class":1598},[1585,2578,1826],{"class":1609},[1585,2580,2432],{"class":1605},[1585,2582,1864],{"class":1609},[1585,2584,1867],{"class":1598},[1585,2586,1765],{"class":1609},[1585,2588,2589],{"class":1768},"./stringUtils.js",[1585,2591,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,2593,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,2595,2596,2598,2600,2602,2604,2606,2608,2611,2613],{"class":1587,"line":1620},[1585,2597,1536],{"class":1598},[1585,2599,1826],{"class":1609},[1585,2601,2506],{"class":1605},[1585,2603,1864],{"class":1609},[1585,2605,1867],{"class":1598},[1585,2607,1765],{"class":1609},[1585,2609,2610],{"class":1768},"./arrayUtils.js",[1585,2612,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,2614,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,2616,2617],{"class":1587,"line":1627},[1585,2618,1624],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1623},[1585,2620,2621,2623,2625,2627,2629,2632,2634,2637,2640,2643],{"class":1587,"line":1658},[1585,2622,1885],{"class":1605},[1585,2624,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,2626,1798],{"class":1635},[1585,2628,1639],{"class":1605},[1585,2630,2631],{"class":1635},"formatDate",[1585,2633,1639],{"class":1605},[1585,2635,2636],{"class":1609},"new",[1585,2638,2639],{"class":1635}," Date",[1585,2641,2642],{"class":1605},"()))",[1585,2644,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,2646,2647,2649,2651,2653,2655,2658,2660,2662,2665,2667,2669],{"class":1587,"line":1674},[1585,2648,1885],{"class":1605},[1585,2650,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,2652,1798],{"class":1635},[1585,2654,1639],{"class":1605},[1585,2656,2657],{"class":1635},"capitalize",[1585,2659,1639],{"class":1605},[1585,2661,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,2663,2664],{"class":1768},"hello",[1585,2666,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,2668,1924],{"class":1605},[1585,2670,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,2672,2673,2675,2677,2679,2681,2684,2687,2689,2691,2693,2695,2697,2699,2701,2704],{"class":1587,"line":1680},[1585,2674,1885],{"class":1605},[1585,2676,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,2678,1798],{"class":1635},[1585,2680,1639],{"class":1605},[1585,2682,2683],{"class":1635},"unique",[1585,2685,2686],{"class":1605},"([",[1585,2688,2069],{"class":1613},[1585,2690,1646],{"class":1609},[1585,2692,2074],{"class":1613},[1585,2694,1646],{"class":1609},[1585,2696,2074],{"class":1613},[1585,2698,1646],{"class":1609},[1585,2700,1921],{"class":1613},[1585,2702,2703],{"class":1605},"]))",[1585,2705,1617],{"class":1609},[1530,2707,2708],{},"这样结构清晰，便于维护，也方便多人协作。",[1543,2710],{},[1525,2712,2713],{"id":2713},"提示",[1530,2715,2716,2717,2720],{},"使用 ESM 时，浏览器环境下要通过 ",[1534,2718,2719],{},"\u003Cscript type=\"module\">"," 标签来引入模块：",[1576,2722,2726],{"className":2723,"code":2724,"language":2725,"meta":1581,"style":1581},"language-html shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight","\u003Cscript type=\"module\" src=\"./main.js\">\u003C/script>\n","html",[1534,2727,2728],{"__ignoreMap":1581},[1585,2729,2730,2733,2736,2739,2741,2744,2747,2749,2752,2754,2756,2759,2761,2764,2766],{"class":1587,"line":1588},[1585,2731,2732],{"class":1609},"\u003C",[1585,2734,2735],{"class":1702},"script",[1585,2737,2738],{"class":1601}," type",[1585,2740,1610],{"class":1609},[1585,2742,2743],{"class":1609},"\"",[1585,2745,2746],{"class":1768},"module",[1585,2748,2743],{"class":1609},[1585,2750,2751],{"class":1601}," src",[1585,2753,1610],{"class":1609},[1585,2755,2743],{"class":1609},[1585,2757,2758],{"class":1768},"./main.js",[1585,2760,2743],{"class":1609},[1585,2762,2763],{"class":1609},">\u003C/",[1585,2765,2735],{"class":1702},[1585,2767,2768],{"class":1609},">\n",[1530,2770,2771,2772,1537,2774,2308],{},"这样浏览器才会识别这是模块，会支持 ",[1534,2773,1536],{},[1534,2775,1540],{},[1543,2777],{},[1525,2779,2780],{"id":2780},"注意",[1530,2782,2783,2784,2787,2788,2791,2792,2795],{},"如果想在 Node.js 中使用 ESM 模块，你需要在 ",[1534,2785,2786],{},"package.json"," 中设置 ",[1534,2789,2790],{},"\"type\": \"module\"","，或者用 ",[1534,2793,2794],{},".mjs"," 后缀，否则默认是 CommonJS。不然会出现导入错误。",[1543,2797],{},[1525,2799,2801,2802],{"id":2800},"动态导入-import","🔎 动态导入 ",[1534,2803,2321],{},[1530,2805,2806],{},"ES2020 引入动态导入语法，可以动态加载模块，返回一个 Promise：",[1576,2808,2810],{"className":1578,"code":2809,"language":1580,"meta":1581,"style":1581},"async function loadModule() {\n    const math = await import('./math.js');\n    console.log(math.add(1, 2)); // 3\n}\nloadModule();\n",[1534,2811,2812,2826,2855,2887,2891],{"__ignoreMap":1581},[1585,2813,2814,2817,2819,2822,2824],{"class":1587,"line":1588},[1585,2815,2816],{"class":1601},"async",[1585,2818,1632],{"class":1601},[1585,2820,2821],{"class":1635}," loadModule",[1585,2823,1785],{"class":1609},[1585,2825,1655],{"class":1609},[1585,2827,2828,2831,2834,2837,2840,2843,2845,2847,2849,2851,2853],{"class":1587,"line":1595},[1585,2829,2830],{"class":1601},"    const",[1585,2832,2833],{"class":1605}," math",[1585,2835,2836],{"class":1609}," =",[1585,2838,2839],{"class":1598}," await",[1585,2841,2842],{"class":1609}," import",[1585,2844,1639],{"class":1702},[1585,2846,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,2848,1872],{"class":1768},[1585,2850,1772],{"class":1609},[1585,2852,1652],{"class":1702},[1585,2854,1617],{"class":1609},[1585,2856,2857,2859,2861,2863,2865,2868,2870,2872,2874,2876,2878,2880,2882,2884],{"class":1587,"line":1620},[1585,2858,1792],{"class":1605},[1585,2860,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,2862,1798],{"class":1635},[1585,2864,1639],{"class":1702},[1585,2866,2867],{"class":1605},"math",[1585,2869,1795],{"class":1609},[1585,2871,1911],{"class":1635},[1585,2873,1639],{"class":1702},[1585,2875,2069],{"class":1613},[1585,2877,1646],{"class":1609},[1585,2879,2074],{"class":1613},[1585,2881,1924],{"class":1702},[1585,2883,1895],{"class":1609},[1585,2885,2886],{"class":1591}," // 3\n",[1585,2888,2889],{"class":1587,"line":1627},[1585,2890,1677],{"class":1609},[1585,2892,2893,2896,2898],{"class":1587,"line":1658},[1585,2894,2895],{"class":1635},"loadModule",[1585,2897,1785],{"class":1605},[1585,2899,1617],{"class":1609},[1530,2901,2902],{},"这是解决按需加载、代码分割的利器。",[1543,2904],{},[1525,2906,2908],{"id":2907},"小节总结","🧾 小节总结",[2089,2910,2911,2919,2922],{},[2092,2912,2913,2914,1537,2916,2918],{},"ES6 ESM 是 JavaScript 的官方模块化方案，使用 ",[1534,2915,1536],{},[1534,2917,1540],{}," 来拆分代码。",[2092,2920,2921],{},"支持命名导出和默认导出，导入时可以选择性引入模块成员。",[2092,2923,2924],{},"使用模块化可以让代码结构更清晰，方便维护和复用。",[1543,2926],{},[1525,2928,2930],{"id":2929},"知识问答qa","❓ 知识问答（Q&A）",[1530,2932,2933],{},"Q：ESM 模块与 CommonJS 有什么区别？",[1530,2935,2936,2937,2940],{},"A：ESM 是 JavaScript 标准模块系统，支持静态分析，导入导出语法是静态的；CommonJS 是 Node.js 早期模块规范，导入是动态的，用 ",[1534,2938,2939],{},"require","，不支持浏览器原生。",[1530,2942,2943],{},"Q：模块文件扩展名可以省略吗？",[1530,2945,2946,2947,2950],{},"A：浏览器环境中，导入模块一般不能省略 ",[1534,2948,2949],{},".js"," 后缀，Node.js 根据配置可省略。",[1530,2952,2953],{},"Q：什么是默认导出？",[1530,2955,2956],{},"A：模块只能有一个默认导出，导入时不用花括号，可以给默认导出起任意名字。",[1543,2958],{},[1525,2960,2962],{"id":2961},"小练习","🧪 小练习",[2964,2965,2966],"ol",{},[2092,2967,2968,2969,2972,2973,2976,2977,2980],{},"创建一个名为 ",[1534,2970,2971],{},"utils.js"," 的模块，导出两个函数：",[1534,2974,2975],{},"double","（传入数字，返回两倍数字）和默认导出函数 ",[1534,2978,2979],{},"square","（传入数字返回平方）。然后在另一个文件导入并使用它们。",[1576,2982,2984],{"className":1578,"code":2983,"language":1580,"meta":1581,"style":1581},"// utils.js\n// 在这里写代码\n",[1534,2985,2986,2991],{"__ignoreMap":1581},[1585,2987,2988],{"class":1587,"line":1588},[1585,2989,2990],{"class":1591},"// utils.js\n",[1585,2992,2993],{"class":1587,"line":1595},[1585,2994,2995],{"class":1591},"// 在这里写代码\n",[1576,2997,2999],{"className":1578,"code":2998,"language":1580,"meta":1581,"style":1581},"// main.js\n// 在这里写代码，导入并使用 double 和 square 函数\n",[1534,3000,3001,3006],{"__ignoreMap":1581},[1585,3002,3003],{"class":1587,"line":1588},[1585,3004,3005],{"class":1591},"// main.js\n",[1585,3007,3008],{"class":1587,"line":1595},[1585,3009,3010],{"class":1591},"// 在这里写代码，导入并使用 double 和 square 函数\n",[2964,3012,3013],{"start":1595},[2092,3014,3015],{},"使用动态导入语法，按需加载上面写的模块，并调用其中的函数。",[1576,3017,3019],{"className":1578,"code":3018,"language":1580,"meta":1581,"style":1581},"// main.js\n// 在这里写代码，动态导入 utils.js 并调用函数\n",[1534,3020,3021,3025],{"__ignoreMap":1581},[1585,3022,3023],{"class":1587,"line":1588},[1585,3024,3005],{"class":1591},[1585,3026,3027],{"class":1587,"line":1595},[1585,3028,3029],{"class":1591},"// 在这里写代码，动态导入 utils.js 并调用函数\n",[1543,3031],{},[1530,3033,3034],{},"🎉 恭喜你已经掌握 ES6、ESM 模块化、静态导入和动态导入技能啦！前端代码组织变得更简单，更强大！",[3036,3037,3038],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .syuKq, html code.shiki .syuKq{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-default:#546E7A;--shiki-default-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#676E95;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic}html pre.shiki code .s8pZq, html code.shiki .s8pZq{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-default:#89DDFF;--shiki-default-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#89DDFF;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic}html pre.shiki code .s50WR, html code.shiki .s50WR{--shiki-light:#9C3EDA;--shiki-default:#C792EA;--shiki-dark:#C792EA}html pre.shiki code .sndM8, html code.shiki .sndM8{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-default:#EEFFFF;--shiki-dark:#BABED8}html pre.shiki code .s86vT, html code.shiki .s86vT{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-default:#89DDFF;--shiki-dark:#89DDFF}html pre.shiki code .smPcV, html code.shiki .smPcV{--shiki-light:#F76D47;--shiki-default:#F78C6C;--shiki-dark:#F78C6C}html pre.shiki code .swgpB, html code.shiki .swgpB{--shiki-light:#6182B8;--shiki-default:#82AAFF;--shiki-dark:#82AAFF}html pre.shiki code .sK9QF, html code.shiki .sK9QF{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-default:#EEFFFF;--shiki-default-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#BABED8;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic}html pre.shiki code .sYGMc, html code.shiki .sYGMc{--shiki-light:#E2931D;--shiki-default:#FFCB6B;--shiki-dark:#FFCB6B}html pre.shiki code .sd2Uz, html code.shiki .sd2Uz{--shiki-light:#E53935;--shiki-default:#F07178;--shiki-dark:#F07178}html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html pre.shiki code .sIEYB, html code.shiki .sIEYB{--shiki-light:#91B859;--shiki-default:#C3E88D;--shiki-dark:#C3E88D}",{"title":1581,"searchDepth":1595,"depth":1595,"links":3040},[3041,3042,3043,3047,3048,3049,3050,3051,3052,3054,3055,3056],{"id":1527,"depth":1595,"text":1528},{"id":1547,"depth":1595,"text":1548},{"id":1565,"depth":1595,"text":1566,"children":3044},[3045,3046],{"id":1570,"depth":1620,"text":1571},{"id":1839,"depth":1620,"text":1840},{"id":2083,"depth":1595,"text":2084},{"id":2294,"depth":1595,"text":2295},{"id":2345,"depth":1595,"text":2346},{"id":2713,"depth":1595,"text":2713},{"id":2780,"depth":1595,"text":2780},{"id":2800,"depth":1595,"text":3053},"🔎 动态导入 import()",{"id":2907,"depth":1595,"text":2908},{"id":2929,"depth":1595,"text":2930},{"id":2961,"depth":1595,"text":2962},"了解 ES6 的 ESM 模块化机制，掌握如何使用 import/export 来组织前端代码。","md",null,{},{"title":295},{"title":295,"description":3057},"wYm9catMKD",[3065,3067],{"title":291,"path":292,"stem":293,"description":3066,"children":-1},"了解 Promise 的基本概念和用法，掌握 async/await 解决异步编程难题的技巧。",{"title":299,"path":300,"stem":301,"description":3068,"children":-1},"本文深入浅出地讲解 ES6 中的 Class 类，让前端小白轻松掌握面向对象编程技巧。",1784715108005]